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Compound Interest Calculator

Find out exactly how your savings or investments grow over time with the power of compounding. Add regular monthly contributions, choose your compounding frequency, and see a year-by-year growth chart with a full table. Export to PDF in one click.

Investment Details

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See your money grow

Enter your starting amount, rate and time horizon, then click Calculate Growth to see the power of compounding.

The Compound Interest Formula

Compound interest is the process of earning interest on both your original principal and on the interest already accumulated. Over long periods, this creates exponential growth: often called the "eighth wonder of the world."

Without contributions

A = P Γ— (1 + r/n)^(nΓ—t)

Where P = principal, r = annual rate, n = compounding periods per year, t = time in years, A = final amount.

With regular contributions

A = P(1+r/n)^(nt) + PMT Γ— [(1+r/n)^(nt) βˆ’ 1] / (r/n)

The second term accounts for regular contributions (PMT) compounding over the same period.

The Rule of 72

A quick mental shortcut: divide 72 by the annual interest rate to estimate how many years it takes to double your money.

Annual RateYears to Double (Rule of 72)Exact Years
3%24 years23.4 years
5%14.4 years14.2 years
7%10.3 years10.2 years
10%7.2 years7.3 years
12%6 years6.1 years

Compounding Frequency: Does It Matter?

More frequent compounding produces slightly higher returns because interest starts earning interest sooner. The difference between monthly and daily compounding is small, but the difference between annual and daily compounding on large sums over long periods can be meaningful.

For a $100,000 investment at 7% over 20 years: annually = $386,968; monthly = $401,604; daily = $402,523. The gap between monthly and daily is just $919: but both beat annual compounding by over $15,000.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a realistic expected return on investment?
The long-run average annual return of the US S&P 500 index is approximately 10% before inflation and about 7% after inflation (historically). Individual results vary. This calculator does not account for taxes on investment gains.
Does inflation affect compound interest results?
Yes. To find the real purchasing power of your future balance, subtract the inflation rate from your interest rate and recalculate. A 7% return with 3% inflation gives a real return of roughly 4%.
What if I miss a monthly contribution?
The calculator assumes consistent monthly contributions. Missing contributions will reduce the final balance proportionally. Even small consistent contributions compound meaningfully over decades: starting early matters more than starting with a large amount.

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Disclaimer: Results are projections only and do not account for taxes, fees or investment risk. Past market returns do not guarantee future performance.
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FCALCULATOR Finance Team
Last reviewed
Standard compound interest formula. Validated against financial industry tools and textbook examples. Reviewed annually.